“The invention of writing systems was one of the most significant milestones in human history, transforming how people communicated and recorded information. The earliest known writing system is cuneiform, developed by the Sumerians around 3200 B.C. in Mesopotamia. This system used wedge shaped marks on clay tablets to represent objects, sounds, and ideas. Around the same time, ancient Egyptians developed hieroglyphics, a system of pictorial symbols used for religious texts and monumental...